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- NEW MINOR FARCE VS CHECKBACK STAYMAN
-
-
- Responder often has a rebid problem in this auction:
-
- Opener Responder
- 1 Any 1 Any
- 1NT ?
-
- 1) How to sign-off, invite game, or force to game with support for
- opener's suit. A minimum raise is weak, a jump invitational, so how
- to force?
-
- 2) How to sign off, invite game, or force to game a with a long
- suit of his own. A minimum suit rebid is weak, a jump invitational,
- so how to force?
-
- 3) How to sign off, invite game, or force to game with a two-suited
- hand. A non-reverse bid in a new suit is weak, a jump is forcing,
- so how to invite?
-
- 4) How to find out if opener has three-card support for responder's
- major or four cards in an unbid major.
-
- Two popular conventions address these problems: New Minor Forcing
- (NMF) and Checkback Stayman (CS). Let's look at each:
-
-
- New Minor Forcing
-
- NMF is responder's bid of an unbid minor when opener rebids 1NT.
- It requires at least game-invitational strength, and (unless the
- hand is stronger) a five-card or longer major. In answer, opener
- shows three-card support for responder, jumping with a good hand.
- Lacking support after a 2C NMF bid, opener bids 2D with a minimum
- and something higher with a good hand. A 2D NMF bid complicates
- things:
-
- Opener Responder
- 1C 1H
- 1NT 2D
- 2S - no support, minimum hand
- 2NT - no support, good hand
-
- Opener Responder
- 1C 1S
- 1NT 2D
- 2H - heart suit, may have spade support
- 2NT - no support, minimum hand
- 3C/3D/3NT - no support, good hand
-
- Some play that 2H is artificial, showing no spade support and a
- minimum, while 2NT shows a good hand. This is crazy, possibly
- missing a 4-4 heart fit when responder can't afford to bid 3H
- (forcing).
-
- Over 1NT, a jump rebid in the same suit is invitational, as is a
- jump raise of opener's suit (which denies a five-card major). To
- force, responder must either jump in a new suit or use NMF and
- then rebid his suit or raise. But what if there is no "new
- minor"?
-
- Opener Responder
- 1C 1D
- 1NT ?
-
- A jump rebid of 3D or 3C is only invitational, so responder must
- bid 3NT with many strong unbalanced hands that belong in five or
- six of a minor.
-
- There is no way for an NMF bidder to describe an invitational hand
- with good support for opener's minor. After responding 1H to 1C
- with S-4 H-K7432 D-Q65 C-AQ32 and getting a disappointing answer
- to NMF, how can responder stop in 3C? He can't, because 3C is
- forcing, so he must stay in notrump. Play 3C as invitational? But
- what if the clubs were AKJ3? There's a problem either way.
-
- Another NMF drawback is the strength requirement, because many weak
- hands need conventional help. NMF bidders cannot describe a weak
- 5-5 hand, except for two majors. They must just rebid the higher
- ranking suit and hope for the best. A weak hand with good support
- for opener's minor is also a problem, whether or not responder's
- suit is five long. When responder supports the minor, should opener
- show three-card support for responder? It's a complete guess.
-
- The main drawback of NMF, however, is the bidding space wasted by
- an NMF 2D bid. Imagine the difficulties if 2D had to be used as
- Stayman opposite a 1NT opening, with 2C a natural sign-off.
-
-
- Checkback Stayman
-
- With one version of CS (there are several), a 2C rebid by responder
- asks opener to show three-card support for responder's major, or
- an unbid four-card major, or extra-good hearts (if he opened with
- 1H), giving priority to the first. Lacking any of these, opener
- bids 2D. Other two-level rebids by responder (except reverses) are
- sign-offs. All jumps are forcing. To invite game in a suit,
- responder bids 2C, then makes his invitation. To sign off in clubs,
- responder bids 2C, then 3C. To invite game with a club bid,
- responder bids 2C, then 2NT (artificially). To invite game in
- notrump, he bids 2NT over 1NT, even with a five-card major if his
- distribution is 5-3-3-2. A third round 2NT bid is also natural.
-
- CS has no strength or length requirements. If he is prepared for
- what might ensue, responder can bid 2C with any strength what-
- soever. This is possible because opener (like a notrump opener)
- does not show strength; he must bid 2D, 2H, or 2S. After respond-
- ing 1S to 1D with S-K6543 H-A52 D-10876 C-6 and hearing a 1NT
- rebid, responder can use CS and pass any response.
-
- After CS, responder's new suit bid at the two level is forcing for
- one round only. He can show a second suit and follow with an
- invitational raise of opener's suit. A two-level suit rebid shows
- a five-card suit and a weak hand, with trump support for opener's
- minor or a minor suit on the side. Opener can pass with a very
- strong doubleton. Otherwise he bids minimally to let responder
- continue his hand description.
-
- CS has the drawback that responder can't stop in two of a major
- with an invitational hand, possibly resulting in a risky three-
- level contract.
-
- NMF and CS both have the drawback that you can't stop at the two
- level in the minor that is bid artificially. With NMF, responder
- can't show a weak major-diamond 5-5 opposite a 1C opener's 1NT
- rebid, but can sign off in 2C. With CS, responder can show that
- weak 5-5, but can't sign off in 2C. If you think the two drawbacks
- cancel, tell me the last time you had a weak responding hand and
- the opponents let you play in 2C after a 1C opening and 1NT rebid.
- It never happens.
-
- So which is superior, NMF or CS? My own opinion is reflected in
- the title, which is not a typo.
-
- Here's Marty Bergen's opinion: "Every time I hear the opponents bid
- 1C - 1H/1S - 1NT - 2D (new minor forcing) - 2NT, I have to laugh
- at the 'nature' of bridge players. How can it be correct to use 2D
- as 'Stayman' (forcing opener to bid 2NT when he has no major [suit
- bid]) when 2C is availble? This potential loss of bidding space
- makes no sense at all. Whereas after 2C checkback, opener's
- 'negative' is an economical 2D, as in Stayman, preserving the
- opportunity for responder to rebid two-of-a-major."
-
- See the chapter CHECKBACK STAYMAN BY RESPONDER in the book
- "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments."